GenericIPAddressField - формы Django

Опубликовано: 24 Февраля, 2022

GenericIPAddressField в Django Forms - это текстовое поле для ввода IP-адресов. Это поле, содержащее адрес IPv4 или IPv6. Виджет по умолчанию для этого ввода - TextInput. Нормализуется до строки Python. Он подтверждает, что данное значение является действительным IP-адресом.

GenericIPAddressField выполняет следующие необязательные аргументы:

протокол: - ограничивает допустимые входные данные указанным протоколом. Допустимые значения: оба (по умолчанию): IPv4 или IPv6. При сопоставлении регистр не учитывается.
unpack_ipv4: - Распаковывает сопоставленные адреса IPv4, например :: ffff: 192.0.2.1. Если эта опция включена, этот адрес будет распакован в 192.0.2.1. По умолчанию отключено. Может использоваться, только если для протокола задано значение «оба».

Синтаксис

 field_name = forms.GenericIPAddressField (** параметры)

Форма Django GenericIPAddressField Пояснение

Illustration of GenericIPAddressField using an Example. Consider a project named geeksforgeeks having an app named geeks.

Refer to the following articles to check how to create a project and an app in Django.
How to Create a Basic Project using MVT in Django?
How to Create an App in Django ?

Enter the following code into forms.py file of geeks app.

from django import forms
  
# creating a form 
class GeeksForm(forms.Form):
    geeks_field = forms.GenericIPAddressField( )

Add the geeks app to INSTALLED_APPS

# Application definition
  
INSTALLED_APPS = [
    "django.contrib.admin",
    "django.contrib.auth",
    "django.contrib.contenttypes",
    "django.contrib.sessions",
    "django.contrib.messages",
    "django.contrib.staticfiles",
    "geeks",
]

Now to render this form into a view we need a view and a URL mapped to that URL. Let’s create a view first in views.py of geeks app,

from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import GeeksForm
  
# Create your views here.
def home_view(request):
    context = {}
    context["form"] = GeeksForm()
    return render( request, "home.html", context)

Here we are importing that particular form from forms.py and creating an object of it in the view so that it can be rendered in a template.
Now, to initiate a Django form you need to create home.html where one would be designing the stuff as they like. Let’s create a form in home.html.

<form method="POST">
    {% csrf_token %}
    {{ form.as_p }}
    <input type="submit" value="Submit">
</form>

Finally, a URL to map to this view in urls.py

from django.urls import path
  
# importing views from views..py
from .views import home_view
  
urlpatterns = [
    path("", home_view ),
]

Let’s run the server and check what has actually happened, Run

Python manage.py runserver

Thus, an geeks_field GenericIPAddressField is created by replacing “_” with ” “. It is a field to input of IP addresses.

How to use GenericIPAddressField ?

GenericIPAddressField is used for input of IP address in the database. One can input User IP address, IPv4, etc. Till now we have discussed how to implement GenericIPAddressField but how to use it in the view for performing the logical part. To perform some logic we would need to get the value entered into the field into a python string instance. To get GitHub code of working GenericIPAddressField, click here

In views.py,

from django.shortcuts import render
from .forms import GeeksForm
  
# Create your views here.
def home_view(request):
    context = {}
    form = GeeksForm(request.POST or None)
    context["form"]= form
    if request.POST:
        if form.is_valid():
            temp = form.cleaned_data.get("geeks_field")
            print(type(temp))
    return render(request, "home.html", context)

Now let’s try entering some other data into the field.

You can clearly see it is asking for entering a valid IP address. Let’s try entering valid IP address now.

Now this data can be fetched using corresponding request dictionary. If method is GET, data would be available in request.GET and if post, request.POST correspondingly. In above example we have the value in temp which we can use for any purpose. You can check that data is converted to a python string instance in geeks_field.

Core Field Arguments

Core Field arguments are the arguments given to each field for applying some constraint or imparting a particular characteristic to a particular Field. For example, adding an argument required = False to GenericIPAddressField will enable it to be left blank by the user. Each Field class constructor takes at least these arguments. Some Field classes take additional, field-specific arguments, but the following should always be accepted:

Field Options	Description
required	By default, each Field class assumes the value is required, so to make it not required you need to set `required=False`
label	The label argument lets you specify the “human-friendly” label for this field. This is used when the Field is displayed in a Form.
label_suffix	The label_suffix argument lets you override the form’s label_suffix on a per-field basis.
widget	The widget argument lets you specify a Widget class to use when rendering this Field. See Widgets for more information.
help_text	The help_text argument lets you specify descriptive text for this Field. If you provide help_text, it will be displayed next to the Field when the Field is rendered by one of the convenience Form methods.
error_messages	The error_messages argument lets you override the default messages that the field will raise. Pass in a dictionary with keys matching the error messages you want to override.
validators	The validators argument lets you provide a list of validation functions for this field.
localize	The localize argument enables the localization of form data input, as well as the rendered output.
disabled.	The disabled boolean argument, when set to True, disables a form field using the disabled HTML attribute so that it won’t be editable by users.

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GenericIPAddressField - формы Django

Форма Django GenericIPAddressField Пояснение

How to use GenericIPAddressField ?

Core Field Arguments

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