Класс 10 RD Sharma Solutions — Глава 15 Области, связанные с кругами — Упражнение 15.4 | Набор 2
Вопрос 18. На данном рисунке найдите площадь заштрихованной области. (Используйте π = 3,14).
Решение:

The side of the square = 14 cm
So, area = side2
142 = 196 cm2
Let’s assume the radius of each semi-circle be r cm.
Then,
r + 2r + r = 14 – 3 – 3
4r = 8
r = 2
So, the radius of each semi-circle is 2 cm.
Area of 4 semi-circles = (4 x 1/2 x 3.14 x 2 x 2) = 25.12 cm2
Now,
the length of side of the smaller square = 2r = 2 x 2 = 4 cm
So, the area of smaller square = 4×4 = 16 cm2
Now we find the area of unshaded region = Area of 4 semi-circles + Area of smaller square
= (25.12 + 16) = 41.12 cm2
Now we find the area of shaded region = Area of square ABCD – Area of unshaded region
= (196 – 41.12) = 154.88 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded region 154.88 cm2
Вопрос 19. На рисунке OACB представляет собой квадрант окружности с центром O и радиусом 3,5 см. Если ОД = 2 см, найдите площадь
(i) квадрант OACB
(ii) заштрихованная область.
Решение:

Given that,
Radius of small quadrant, r = 2 cm
Radius of big quadrant, R = 3.5 cm
(i) Area of quadrant OACB = 1/4 πR2
= 1/4 (22/7)(3.5)2
= 269.5/28 = 9.625 cm2
(ii) Area of shaded region = Area of big quadrant – Area of small quadrant
= 1/4 π(R2 – r2)
= 1/4 (22/7)(3.52 – 22)
= 1/4 (22/7)(12.25 – 4)
= 1/4 (22/7)(8.25)
= 6.482 cm2
Hence, the area of the quadrant OACB is 9.625 cm2 and shaded region is 6.482 cm2
Вопрос 20. На рисунке квадрат OABC вписан в квадрант OPBQ окружности. Если ОА = 21 см, найдите площадь заштрихованной области.
Решение:

Given,
Side of the square = 21 cm = OA
Area of the square = OA2 = 212 = 441 cm2
Diagonal of the square OB = √2 OA = 21√2 cm
From the figure its seen that,
The diagonal of the square is equal to the radius of the circle, r = 21√2 cm
So,
The area of the quadrant = 1/4 πr2 = 1/4 (22/7)(21√2)2 = 693 cm2
Now we find the area of the shaded region = Area of the quadrant – Area of the square
= 693 – 441
= 252 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded region is 252 cm2
Вопрос 21. На рисунке ОАВС — квадрат со стороной 7 см. Если OAPC является квадрантом цирисы с центром O, то найдите площадь заштрихованной области. (Используйте π = 22/7)
Решение:

Given that,
Side of OABC square = 7 cm
So, OA = AB = BC = OC = 7 cm
Now, the area of square OABC = side2 = 72 = 49 cm2
It is given that OAPC is a quadrant of a circle with centre O.
So, the radius of the quadrant = OA = OC = 7 cm
Area of the OAPC quadrant = 90/360 x πr2
= 1/4 x (22/7) x 72
= 77/2 = 38.5 cm2
Now we find the area of shaded portion = Area of square OABC – Area of quadrant OAPC
= (49 – 38.5) = 10.5 cm2
Hence, the area of shaded portion is 10.5 cm2
Вопрос 22. На рисунке ОЕ = 20 см. В сектор OSFT вписан квадрат OEFG. Найдите площадь заштрихованной области.
Решение:

Given that,
Side of OEFG square = 20 cm.
So its diagonal = √2 side = 20√2 cm
And, the radius of the quadrant(r) = diagonal of the square
r = 20√2 cm
Now we find the area of the shaded portion = Area of quadrant – Area of square
= 1/4 πr2 – side2
= 1/4 (22/7)(20√2)2 – (20)2
= 1/4 (22/7)(800) – 400
= 400 x 4/7 = 1600/7 = 228.5 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded region 228.5 cm2
Вопрос 23. Найдите площадь заштрихованной области на рисунке, если АС = 24 см, ВС = 10 см и О — центр окружности. (Используйте π = 3,14)
Решение:

Given,
AC = 24 cm and BC = 10 cm
From the figure AB is the diameter of the circle
So, ∠ACB = 90o
By using Pythagoras theorem
AB2 = AC2 + BC2 = 242 + 102 = 576 + 100 = 676
So, AB = √676 = 26 cm
So, the radius of the circle(r) = 26/2 = 13 cm
Now we find the area of shaded region = Area of semi-circle – Area of triangle ACB
= 1/2 πr2 – 1/2 x b x h
= 1/2 (22/7)132 – 1/2 x 10 x 24
= 265.33 – 120
= 145.33 cm2
Hence, the area of shaded region is 145.33 cm2
Вопрос 24. В равносторонний треугольник АВС вписана окружность со стороной 12 см, касающейся его сторон (см. рисунок). Найдите радиус вписанной окружности и площадь заштрихованной части.
Решение:

Given that,
Side of ABC triangle = 12 cm
So, the area of the equilateral triangle = √3/4(side)2
= √3/4(12)2 = 36√3 cm2
Also the perimeter of triangle ABC = 3 x 12 = 36 cm
Now we find the radius of incircle = Area of triangle/ ½ (perimeter of triangle)
= 36√3/ 1/2 x 36
= 2√3 cm
Also, we find the area of the shaded part = Area of equilateral triangle – Area of circle
= 36√3 – πr2
= 36(1.732) – (3.14)(2√3)2
= 62.352 – 37.68
= 24.672 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded part is 24.672 cm2
Вопрос 25. На рисунке в окружность вписан равносторонний треугольник ABC со стороной 6 см. Найдите площадь заштрихованной области. (Возьмите π = 3,14)
Решение:

Given that,
The side of ABC triangle = 6 cm
So, the area of the equilateral triangle = √3/4(side)2
= √3/4(6)2
= √3/4(36)
= 9√3 cm2
Let us mark the centre of the circle as O, OA and OB are the radii of the circle.
In triangle BOD,
sin 60o = BD/ OB
√3/2 = 3/ OB
OB = 2√3 cm = r
Now we find the area of shaded region = Area of the circle – area of the equilateral triangle
= πr2 – 9√3
= 3.14 x (2√3)2 – 9√3
= 3.14 x 12 – 9 x 1.732
= 37.68 – 15.588
= 22.092 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded region 22.092 cm2
Вопрос 26. Круглое поле имеет периметр 650 м. На поле отмечен квадратный участок, вершины которого лежат на окружности поля. Вычислите площадь квадратного участка.
Решение:

Given that, the circular field has a perimeter = 650 m
As we know that the circumference of circle = 2πr
650 = 2×22/7xr
r = (650×7)/44
r = 103.409 m
As the diagonal of the square plot is the diameter of the circle.
Hence, r × 2 = d
So, diameter = 103.409 x 2
As we know that the Diameter of circle = 206.818 m = Diagonal of square plot
Now we find the area of the square plot = 1/2 × d²
= 1/2 × (206.818)²
= 1/2 × 42773.68
Hence, the area of the square plot is 21386.84 m2
Вопрос 27. Найдите площадь заштрихованной области на рисунке, где проведена дуга окружности радиусом 7 см с центром в вершине А равностороннего треугольника АВС со стороной 14 см. (используйте π = 22/7 и √3 = 1,73)
Решение:

Given that,
The radius of circle (r) = 7 cm.
Side of the triangle = 14 cm
Now we find the area of shaded region = Area of the circle + Area of the triangle – 2 area of the sector EAF
= πr2 + √3a2/4 – 2 × πr2 × 60/360
= 22/7 × (7)2 + (1.73)(14)2/4 – 2 × 22/7 × (7)2 × 60/360
= 283.77 – 51.33
= 187.43cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded region is 187.43cm2
Вопрос 28. В окружность вписан правильный шестиугольник. Если площадь шестиугольника 24√3 см 2 , найдите площадь круга. (Используйте π = 3,14)
Решение:

Given that,
A regular hexagon ABCDEF is inscribed in a circle
Area of hexagon = 24 √3 cm2
Let us considered r be the radius of circle
So, the side of regular hexagon = r
Area of equilateral ΔOAB = √3/3 r2 cm2
But the area of triangle OAB = 1/6 x area of hexagon
24√3/6 = 4√3 r2
So, r2 = 4√3 x 4/√3 = 16
r = 4 cm
Now we find the area of circle = πr2 = 3.14 x (4)2 cm2
= 3.14 x 16 cm2
= 50.24 cm2
Hence, the area of circle = 50.24 cm2
Вопрос 29. ABCDEF — правильный шестиугольник с центром O (см. рисунок). Если площадь треугольника ОАВ равна 9 см 2 , найдите площадь:
(i) шестиугольник и
(ii) окружность, в которую вписан шестиугольник.
Решение:

The area of hexagon = 54 cm2
and area of circle = 65.324 cm2
Given that,
Area of ∆OAB = 9 cm2
Let us considered ‘r’ be the radius of a circle and ‘a’ be the side of a equilateral triangle.
(i) As we know that the area of hexagon = 6 × Area of equilateral triangle
= 6 × 9 = 54 cm²
= 54 cm²
(ii) Area of equilateral ∆OAB = √3/4 × a2
9 = √3/4 × a2
9 × 4 = √3a2
36 = √3a2
a2 = 36/√3
Side2 = 36/√3 cm
As we know that in regular hexagon inscribed in a circle,
its side is equal to the radius of a Circle
So, the radius of circle(r) = Side of a hexagon
r2 = 36/√3 cm
Now we find the area of circle = πr2
= 22/7 × 36/√3
= 22/7 × 36/1.732
= (22 × 36) /(7 ×1.732)
= 792/12.124
= 65.324 cm2
Hence, the area of hexagon is 54 cm2 and area of circle is 65.324 cm2
Вопрос 30. Четыре равные окружности радиусом 5 см каждая касаются друг друга, как показано на рисунке. Найдите площадь, заключенную между ними. (Возьмите π = 3,14).
Решение:

Given that,
Radius of a circle = 5 cm
Side of a square = 2 × Radius of a circle
= 2 × 5
Side of a square = 10 cm
Area of a square = Side2
Area of a square = 102 = 100 cm2
Area of a square = 100 cm2
Area of the quadrant of one circle = 1/4πr2
Area of the quadrant of four circles = 4 × 1/4πr2 = πr2
= 3.14 × 5 × 5
= 3.14 × 25
= 78.5cm²
Area of the quadrant of four circles = 78.5cm2
Now we find the area of the shaded portion = Area of the square – Area of the quadrant of four circles
= 100 – 78.5
= 21.5 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded portion is 21.5 cm2.
Вопрос 31. Четыре равных окружности радиусом а касаются друг друга. Покажите, что площадь между ними равна 6a 2 /7. (Возьмите π = 22/7)
Решение:

Given that,
The radius of a circle = a
Side of a square = 2 × Radius of a circle
= 2 × a
Side of a square = 2a cm
Area of a square = Side2
= (2a)2
= 4a2
Area of the quadrant of one circle = 1/4πr2
Area of the quadrant of four circles = 4 × 1/4πr2 = πr2
Now we find the area of the shaded portion = Area of the square – Area of the quadrant of four circles
= 4a2 – 22/7 × a2
= 4a2 – 22a2/7
= (28a2 -22a2)/7
= 6a2/7
Hence, proved the area between them is 6a2/7
Вопрос 32. Ребёнок делает плакат на миллиметровке, рисуя квадрат ABCD со стороной 14 см. Она рисует четыре круга с центрами A, B, C и D, в которых предлагает различные способы экономии энергии. Окружности нарисованы таким образом, что каждая окружность касается снаружи двух из трех оставшихся окружностей на данном рисунке. В заштрихованной области она пишет сообщение «Экономьте энергию». Найдите периметр и площадь заштрихованной области. (Используйте π = 22/7)
Решение:

Given that,
Side of a square = 14 cm
Radius of a Circle(r) = Side of a square/2 = 14/2 = 7 cm
Central angle, θ = 90°
So, the perimeter of the shaded portion = 4 × length of the arc having Central angle 90°
= 4 × θ/360° × 2πr
= 4 × 90°/360° × 2 × 22/7 × 7
= 4 × 1/4 × 44
= 44 cm
As we know that area of a square = Side2
= (14)2 = 196 cm2
Also, the area of a square = 196 cm2
Area of the quadrant of one circle = 1/4πr2
Area of the quadrant of four circles = 4 × 1/4πr2 = πr2
= 22/7 × 72
= 22 × 7
= 154 cm2
Now we find the area of the shaded portion = Area of the square ABCD – Area of the quadrant of four circles
= 196 – 154
= 42 cm2
Hence, the Perimeter of the shaded portion is 44 cm and area of the shaded portion is 42 cm2
Вопрос 33. Диаметр монеты 1 см (см. рисунок). Если четыре такие монеты положить на стол так, чтобы край каждой касался края двух других, найдите площадь заштрихованной области (возьмем π = 3,1416).
Решение:

Given that,
The diameter of a coin (circle) = 1 cm
Find: the area of the shaded region
As we know that the radius(r) of a coin (circle) = Diameter of a coin (circle)/2
r = 1/2 = 0.5 cm
Side of a square = 2 × Radius of a coin (circle)
= 2 × 0.5
= 1 cm
Area of the quadrant of one circle = 1/4πr2
Area of the quadrant of four circles = 4 × 1/4πr2 = πr2
Now we find the area of the shaded portion = Area of the square – Area of the quadrant of four circles
A = Side2 – πr2
= 12 – 3.1416 × (0.5)2
= 1 – 3.1416 × 0.25
= 1 – 0.7854
= 0.2146 cm2
Hence, the area of the shaded portion is 0.2146 cm2
Вопрос 34. Из картона прямоугольной формы размерами 14 см х 7 см вырезают два круглых куска одинакового радиуса и максимальной площади, соприкасающихся друг с другом. Найдите площадь оставшегося картонного поля. (Используйте π = 22/7)
Решение:

Given that,
Length of a rectangle(l) = 14 cm
Breadth of a rectangle(b) = 7 cm
So, the diameter of 1 circle = 7 cm
Radius of 1 circle(r) = 7/2 cm
Now we find the area of the remaining cardboard = Area of rectangular cardboard – 2 × Area of circle
= l × b – 2 (πr2)
= (14× 7) – 2 × (22/7) × (7/2)2
= 98 – (44/7)(49/4)
= 98 – 77
= 21 cm2
Hence, the area of the remaining cardboard is 21 cm2.